THROUGH THE PAGES OF HISTORY...
Each educational institution has its own unique way in the educational history of the people and its own creative furrow in the field of the national system of education and science. Without exaggeration, along with such cities as Lviv, Ostroh, Lutsk, our Kremenets can be considered one of the primary sources, and for many decades the center of the origin, formation and development of higher education not only in the Volyn region, but also in the whole Western Ukraine.
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Since 1636, the Brotherhood School has been operating here as a branch of the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy. Two years after the foundation of this school, Kremenets presented the first grammar textbook to Ukrainian educators.
During the years 1731-1753, the Church of the Holy Spirit with premises for the Jesuit College was built - this is how the famous historical and architectural complex, known as the "buildings of the Kremenets Lyceum" or "Lyceum building", appeared. And the Jesuit College - a prestigious educational institution of those times - functioned during 1756-1773.
Two decades after the college, from 1774 to 1793, the district and subdistrict schools operated in its buildings. The latter had three classes with two-year education in each of them.
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Hugo Collontai |
Tadeusz Czacki |
Since 1803, a unified system of education was introduced in the then Russia: university, gymnasium, district school, parochial school. On July 29, 1805, Alexander I signed the Statute of the Volyn’ Gymnasium, authored by Tadeusz Czacki and Hugo Kolontai, thus initiating the existence of this famous educational institution, which was opened on October 1, 1805. The term of study at the gymnasium was 10 years, and the initial staff included 31 people, including 19 teachers, 7 support staff and 5 administrative staff.
The gymnasium functioned until January 18, 1819 - until the day when Alexander I reorganized it into the Volyn Lyceum with the same term of study - 10 years, of which the first four years were one-year classes, and the next six - 3 two-year courses. The teaching staff was formed by graduates of the universities of Krakow and Vilnius, and then from their own graduates who received university education. Among the latter notable figures were the writer Joseph Kożeniewski, naturalist Antoni Andrzejowski, philosopher Michał Wisniewski and others. More than six hundred pupils studied at the lyceum, who studied five languages (Russian, Polish, Greek, German, French and Latin), five more subjects of the natural-mathematical cycle (botany, zoology, chemistry, physics, mathematics), four socio-economic disciplines (history, geography, law, political economy with elements of commerce), optional subjects (architecture, mineralogy, military affairs), as well as courses in drawing, music, singing, choreography, fencing and horseback riding. The Lyceum had a solid educational and material base: its library had up to 50 thousand volumes, the mineralogical cabinet - 15.5 thousand exhibits, and the numismatic collection consisted of more than 20 thousand coins and medals; in the physical cabinet there were more than 260 units of educational equipment; there was an astronomical observatory, workshops and classrooms, a smithy; there was a significant collection of works of art. In 1833, the Lyceum was closed, and its educational and material base was transported to Kyiv, where later the University of St. Volodymyr was founded on its basis.
The nominal successor of the Volyn’ Lyceum was the Volyn’ Theological Seminary, which functioned in 1836-1902, among the teachers of which was the famous scholar-philologist Mykola Petrov, an outstanding researcher of the history of Volyn Mykola Teodorovych. The contingent of students of the seminary was 500-600 pupils, the annual graduation was about 100 people; the main disciplines were Greek, Latin, Church Slavonic languages, Holy Scripture, Biblical history, church statutes, liturgy, catechism, theology, church history. The training was conducted in Russian.
The next was the Volyn’ Vitaliyiv Diocesan Women's School, which existed since 1881 in private houses, and from 1902 to 1920, after the closure of the seminary, in its premises. About 140 girls studied in three classes of the school, with 13 teachers and 6 tutors working with them. Various subjects were studied: Law of God, literature, Russian language, history, geography, arithmetic, geometry, physics, didactics, singing, manual labor.
The library of the school consisted of more than a thousand titles of books of fundamental importance, more than 400 titles of student textbooks and manuals, in addition - literature of economic and commercial content, various periodicals.
From May 27, 1920 to September 1939, in the historical buildings of the former Jesuit College, Volyn Gymnasium and Volyn Lyceum, their new educational successor - Kremenets Lyceum - operated, which, having a multifunctional educational and production structure, became a notable phenomenon in the social and cultural life of the region.
The structure of the lyceum consisted of: Tadeusz Czacki gymnasium, eventually reorganized into a humanitarian and natural sciences lyceum; teacher's gymnasium on the basis of secondary education; seven-grade basic school, pedagogical lyceum, agricultural and forestry school, as well as craft and industrial schools of various profiles in Vyshnivka, Smyga, Lidychiv, Bilokrynytsia; there were music and art courses for music and drawing teachers, respectively.
The cultural life of the lyceum was rich: there was a school theater, a symphony orchestra was famous for its performances, a society of photographers headed by the famous photographer of the time Henrik Germanovich; the magazine "Life of Kremenets" was published, books of his own authorship were published, in particular, "Kremenets", "Kremenets Lyceum in 1920-1935". The contingent of students was approaching 900 people.
Since April 12, 1940 - the day when the Kremenets State Teachers' Institute was founded - an important event took place in the history of educational institutions that functioned within the walls of the historical and architectural complex "Kremenets Lyceum": their main profile accent - pedagogical - was determined and the training of personnel exclusively for the system of public education, that is, teachers for all levels of secondary school, and later for preschool education, began.
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The Teachers' Institute operated before the occupation of Kremenets by Nazi troops. Its work was resumed after the liberation of the city: 150 students began the academic year on September 1, 1944, who studied at the language and literature, history, natural geography and physics and mathematics faculties. The educational process was provided by 36-39 teachers, among whom only one had a scientific degree.
In 1950, the Teachers' Institute was reorganized into the Pedagogical Institute with the same faculties, only the Faculty of Physical Education was opened, but the Faculty of History was liquidated. The contingent of students increased to 1000 people at the full-time department and to 2000 people - at the part-time department. The scientific and staff potential was strengthened: 112 teachers worked at 11 departments, of which more than 20 had scientific degrees and academic titles in the early 60s. The number of graduates ranged from 90 to 240 full-time and from 100 to 360 part-time students. Evidence of the powerful capabilities of the educational and material base of the Institute was its library - about 250 thousand books.
In 1969, the Institute was transferred to Ternopil, where today it operates as the Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University, and in its educational buildings the Kremenets Pedagogical College was opened, which was named after Taras Shevchenko in 1989. The Pedagogical College trained specialists in two specialties: teachers of labor and drawing (contingent - 120 students) and preschool teachers (contingent - 60 students). The staff of teachers was 19 people. At the end of its existence - in the 1990/91 academic year - the school increased the contingent of students to 2000 people, the staff of teachers - up to 128, and the number of specialists was 540 people on the full-time department and 160 - on the part-time department.
On June 5, 1991, the educational baton from the Pedagogical School was taken over by the Pedagogical College, which existed until July 26, 2002, when the current Humanitarian and Pedagogical Institute was established on its basis. During its existence, the college has increased the number of students from 1200 to 1600 people, the staff of teachers - from 102 to 182 people, and the number of teachers with scientific degrees has doubled. The most important achievement was the training of specialists of new specialties: along with preschool teachers and teachers of technological work, the training of teachers of music and fine arts, English and German languages, biology and physical education began.
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Afanasiy Lomakovych |
A new page in the history of educational institutions that existed in our educational buildings was opened and continues to be successfully written by the Humanitarian and Pedagogical Institute named after Taras Shevchenko, the initiator of the opening and organizer of the activity of which was its current rector, honorary academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Higher School of Ukraine, Honored Worker of Education of Ukraine, Professor Afanasiy Lomakovych.
Relevant scientific and pedagogical potential, opening of the Master's degree in "Biology", "Musical Art", "Technological Education"; scientific publications in the format of monographs, textbooks with the Stamp of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, articles in prestigious professional journals; participation in international and national scientific forums; holding scientific conferences at the Institute and publication of collections of scientific works of the Institute's specialists; productive creative relations with higher educational institutions and scientific institutions of Ukraine and abroad.
On March 6, 2012, the 43rd session of the Ternopil Regional Council of the fifth convocation decided to change the type and rename the Kremenets Taras Shevchenko Regional Humanitarian and Pedagogical Institute into the Kremenets Taras Shevchenko Academy of Humanities and Pedagogy. After the implementation of a set of legal, administrative, scientific and pedagogical procedures, preparation of the necessary regulatory documents, the State Registration Service of Ukraine registered the Statute of Kremenets Taras Shevchenko Academy of Humanities and Pedagogy. The official part of the process of reorganization of the institute by transforming it into an academy is over and the day of November 18, 2014 - the day of registration of the Academy Statute - became the starting point of a new stage in the historical progress of our alma mater - in the status of the Academy of Humanities and Pedagogy.
